吝嗇是什麼？阿比達摩論師會把它歸類為嗔心。
不給不等於吝嗇
但吝嗇時就一定不給，那是心中對抗性的‘不想給’，所以才會說它是嗔心的一種
如果在佛教裡，最常讓人生起吝嗇之心的情況就是，當別人叫我們捐錢，有些人心裡就會對抗性的不給：‘哼，偏偏不給你’ 。這就是吝嗇了，造了不善業。大家可以留意一下，這時心是灼熱的
但如果一樣有人叫我們捐錢，但此時我們生起正念、 理性地思索：
‘我們自己夠用嗎？對於這個人是應該給，還是不應該給 ？ 我給了之後會助長他作惡嗎？ 我給了之後對整個世界帶來好處嗎？我給了之後對自己和他沒有副作用嗎？我給了之後自己不會後悔嗎？’
Luang Por Lersi Lingdam 教導：‘知道對方值得布施，我們就布施；如果不值得布施，我們就不布施 ’
如果有理性、 具備正念，這樣就不構成吝嗇的惡業了
一般阿比達摩師會認為，初果聖者是不會吝嗇的。
假如我們吝嗇，我們就沒有聖者的高尚品格
What is stinginess? Abhidhamma scholars classify it as a form of aversion (dosa)
Not giving does not equal stinginess
But when one is stingy, they definitely do not give. Stinginess reflects the resistant mindset of not giving, which is why it is considered a type of aversion.
In Buddhism, one common situation that triggers stinginess is when others ask us to donate money. Some people may have a rebellious mindset and refuse to give: "Hmph😤 , I'm not giving you anything." This is stinginess and creates unwholesome karma. It's important to notice that at this moment, the heart is burning with heat.
However, if someone asks us to donate money and we respond with mindfulness and rational thought:
"Do I have enough for myself? Should I give to this person or not? Will my donation encourage them to do evil? Will it benefit the world as a whole? Will it have no adverse effects on myself or them? Will I regret after giving this later?"
Luang Por Lersi Lingdam teaches: "If we know the other person is worthy of our generosity, we give; if they are not worthy, we do not give."
With rationality and mindfulness, this does not constitute the unwholesome karma of stinginess.
Generally, Abhidhamma scholars believe that a stream-enterer (first-stage noble person) would not be stingy. If we are stingy, we lack the noble qualities of a saint.
當我們很富有， 但卻非常吝嗇
不捨得將錢用在自己身上
不捨得將錢用在其他人身上， 幫助他人
那麼便知道， 這是自己的惡業在影響
曾經過去就有一個人佈施完給一位獨覺佛後卻後悔了，
因為這個後悔的業，當果報在後來的生命成熟時，雖然非常富有， 但卻吝嗇得可憐，過得像乞丐一樣 (SN3.20)
所以當我們捨不得的時候， 就是一個被惡業纏繞的可憐人
但當我們一轉念，開始捨得把東西捨掉， 放下，
過去的惡業已經中止了
有很多時候，我們不捨得用錢：不肯用在別人身上，連用在自己身上也不肯
我們會說，自己是‘慳家’，節儉。 有些人甚至覺得這是美德
美他的頭！這是吝嗇！
這種人被佛陀評為不善人，並說他們得到廣大的財富後，既不使自己快樂，也不使父母快樂、喜悅，不使、妻兒、奴僕、工人、傭人、朋友、同事快樂；也不用在出家人那裡確立導向天界、安樂果報的供養 （SN3.19）
這些人雖然有錢，但根本有福不能享！ 為什麼？ 過去世做布施後後悔了。這個惡業導致現在雖然有錢，但不捨得用！
事實上，佛陀教導，一位在家人在了知收入與開支後，應均衡地過活；既不奢侈，也不過度節儉 。（AN8.54）
如果我們已經窮了，但還過得像富豪一樣，那麼很快要睡街了。
但如果我們是富豪，但過得像乞丐一樣；這無疑是惡業在成熟了....
Many times, we are reluctant to spend money: unwilling to spend on others, and even reluctant to spend on ourselves.
We say we are "frugal" or "thrifty." Some even consider this a virtue.
virtue my foot ! This is stinginess!
The Buddha considers such people as unwholesome, saying that even after obtaining great wealth, they neither make themselves happy nor bring happiness and joy to their parents, spouses, children, servants, workers, employees, friends, or colleagues. They also do not offer support to monastics to establish the path leading to heavenly realms and blissful results. (SN3.19)
Although these people have money, they cannot truly enjoy their blessings! Why? Because they regretted their past-life acts of generosity! This unwholesome karma causes them to be wealthy now but unwilling to use it!
In fact, the Buddha teaches that a layperson, after knowing their income and expenses, should live a balanced life; neither extravagant nor excessively frugal. (AN8.54)
If we are already poor but live like a rich person, we will soon be sleeping on the street.
But if we are rich and live like a beggar, that is undoubtedly the fruition of bad karma...